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Blood doctrine · Claim record

Civilian practice moved away from whole blood after the Vietnam era in favour of component therapy; low-titre O whole blood has since returned mainly in military and civilian trauma resuscitation.

Claim ID claim-blood-whole-blood-trauma-returnConcerns 2026Independent finding
Independent finding · 2026 Verified

Civilian practice moved away from whole blood after the Vietnam era in favour of component therapy; low-titre O whole blood has since returned mainly in military and civilian trauma resuscitation. Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open, 2026

Show the evidence (1 source)
Peer-reviewed / scholarly Verified

Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open, “Whole truth: resuscitating trauma patients with whole blood”

2026 · Gurney JM · BMJ / PMC13264879

“The late Vietnam era marked a turning point away from WB—which was not driven by clinical evidence, but by economic, logistical, and perceived safety advantages of blood fractionation.”

The US military re-adopted warm fresh whole blood in 2002 and 'in 2017, reintroduced LTOWB'; civilian trauma centres now use low-titre O whole blood.

Official source

Provenance and verification note

Confidence note. Opened on PMC.

Corroborated by. src-who-2026-0612-blood-safety

Notes. Supports the glossary: component therapy has been the civilian norm since the 1970s; whole blood is a trauma/military niche.

Accessed. 19 September 2026 · Source ID. src-gurney-2026-whole-blood

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